2. The phoneme that comes before the word is a prefix, which changes the entire meaning of the work. The “in”, “im” and “ir” actually takes the original word and reverse it into the opposite. Where as in an allophone the phoneme just changes the pronunciation of the word but not the meaning.
3. The comparison of the “s”, “z” and “ez” is a perfect example of an allophone because the pronunciation of the word has changed a bit the original meaning still stayed the same, the only minor change may be when it’s in the sense of plurals.
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